Analysis of various casting materials
Castings have a significant impact on mechanical products, and mechanical performance largely depends on the quality and performance of the castings. Therefore, mechanical products have high requirements for castings, and mechanical products require whether the castings have different working durability under different conditions, including wear resistance, corrosion resistance, cold and heat resistance, fatigue, shock absorption and other properties, as well as cutting ability, weldability and other process properties. These quality properties have a direct impact on the work efficiency and service life of mechanical products, and different casting materials result in different performance characteristics of the castings themselves.
(1) Cast steel
The production of cast steel is relatively stable, while the quality, variety, performance, and proportion of alloy steel and special steel of cast steel parts continue to increase. By adopting various refining processes and technologies, the development of new cast steel materials can improve the strength, toughness, and special properties of the materials.
(2) Cast light alloy
Cast light alloys, due to their excellent properties such as low density, high specific strength, and corrosion resistance, will be more widely used in various industries such as aviation, aerospace, automotive, and machinery. In the automotive industry, replacing steel casting and iron castings with aluminum and nickel alloy castings is a long-term development trend to reduce fuel consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency. Among them, emphasis is placed on solving pollution-free, efficient, and easy to operate refining techniques, metamorphic techniques, grain refinement techniques, and rapid detection techniques before the furnace. To further improve material performance and maximize the potential of materials, high-quality aluminum alloy materials, especially aluminum based composite materials, can be developed to meet the performance requirements of different working conditions. Research on cluster alloy melting processes, alloy die-casting and extrusion casting processes, and related technologies can be strengthened; We should improve the development and research of ferroalloy melting equipment and related technologies and processes.
(3) Casting composite materials
Composite materials will become a new type of engineering material in the 21st century. Casting composite materials will be dedicated to the development and research of metal matrix composite materials and reinforced component materials, accelerating the development and research of their applications.
(4) Cast iron
Iron is the most common casting material for us. Cast iron has low cost, good processability, and can save resources and energy through remelting and regeneration. Therefore, the application and development of this material will continue to thrive. Widely adopting advanced desulfurization and filtration technologies for molten iron; Manufacturing technology for thin-walled high-strength cast iron parts; Manufacturing technology of cast iron composite materials; Surface or local strengthening technology for cast iron parts; Complete set of isothermal ductile iron technology; Special processes and equipment such as metal mold casting, sand coated metal mold casting, and continuous casting are adopted.
With the continuous development of the national economy, enterprises have increasingly high requirements for the performance of mechanical equipment. Therefore, important components of mechanical products, castings, also need to be improved and enhanced in terms of quality performance, improving the overall performance of mechanical products from a local perspective.